Fall Beekeeping in Tennessee: Preparing Your Hives and Controlling Mites

As the days grow shorter and cooler, fall is one of the most critical times for beekeepers to prepare their colonies for winter. At Ratcliff Honey Farm, we know that healthy bees in the fall mean stronger colonies in the spring. The key to fall beekeeping success comes down to two priorities: feeding and controlling mites.

Why Fall Beekeeping Matters

Fall beekeeping sets the stage for a hive’s survival through the colder months. By this time of year, queens are slowing down their laying, food sources are dwindling, and honeybees are shifting from summer bees to “winter bees” designed to live longer. If a colony is weakened now—whether from Varroa mites, poor nutrition, or disease—it may not survive the winter.

That’s why fall hive inspections and treatments are essential.

Controlling Varroa Mites in the Fall

Varroa destructor mites are the number one threat to honeybee colonies. Left untreated, these parasites spread viruses and weaken the hive just when it needs to be strongest. Fall mite levels are usually the highest of the season, making it the most important time to take action.

Best Practices for Fall Mite Control:

• Perform mite counts – An alcohol wash is an accurate way to monitor mite levels.

• Apply mite treatments – Effective natural treatment options include formic acid, oxalic acid, and thymol-based products.

• Treat early in fall – Don’t wait until the first frost; start treatments when brood rearing slows down.

• Re-check colonies – Follow up to ensure mite levels are under control before winter sets in.

Feeding Bees in Fall

Even the best mite control won’t save a starving colony. Nectar sources decline in the fall, so supplemental feeding may be necessary.

• Sugar syrup (2:1 ratio) helps bees store up winter food quickly.

• Pollen substitutes can boost nutrition when natural pollen is scarce.

• Check hive weight – If a hive feels light, feed until it has enough stores for winter.

Preparing Hives for Winter

Once mite control and feeding are addressed, focus on insulation and protection. Reduce entrances to keep out pests, ensure proper ventilation to prevent moisture buildup, and consider windbreaks for exposed hives.

Final Thoughts

Fall beekeeping is about giving your colonies the best chance to survive and thrive. By controlling mites and ensuring adequate nutrition, you’ll set your bees up for a strong start in spring.

At Ratcliff Honey Farm, we’ve been working with honeybees for over 12 years—rescuing colonies, managing hives, and helping pollinators thrive. If you need honeybee removal services or want to learn more about sustainable beekeeping, visit us at www.ratcliffhoneyfarm.com.